Download scientific diagram | Five Sisters spent oil shale bing, near West Calder, West Lothian. from publication: Spent oil shale use in earthwork construction | Spent oil shale (or blaes) is a ...

A continuous process is described for treating raw shale oil to produce shale oil of improved quality and yield and reduced cost which includes the following steps: a. crushing and grinding the raw oil shale, b. heating and drying the crushed and ground shale, c. passing the heated and dried shale particles to a slurry mixer where they are mixed with hot heavy oil recycle, d. passing the ...

Oil shale samples from El-Lajjun deposits were crushed using a jaw crusher. Then, samples were sieved according to their size in a set of standard screens arranged serially in a stack and each sample, with a certain size, was put in a separate container and …

The Colony operation, located in Garfield County in northwestern Colorado, is targeted for production at a rate of 47,000 bbl/day of synthetic oil in early 1986. To support the plant, it will be necessary to produce 66,000 tons/day of oil shale from a conventional room-and-pillar mine. The shale will be hauled from the mine in 85-ton trucks and ...

The Agency is restating the RCRA status of spent oil shale from above ground oil shale operations based on the final Bevill rulemakings issued on September 1, 1989 (54 FR 36592), on January 23, 1990 (55 FR 2323) and on June 13, 1991 (56 FR 27300).

Double Roll Crushers. Double Roll Crushers provide a 4:1 reduction ratio. They are typically used as a secondary or tertiary crusher for materials such as ROM coal with refuse, limestone, gypsum, trona, shale, bauxite, oil shale, clean coal, coke, salt, quicklime, burnt lime, glass, kaolin, brick, shale and wet, sticky feeds.:::Advantages of Yonghua Roller Crusher...

Oil shale reserves - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia... contained in oil shale to a temperature which will separate it ... of Wisconsin–Madison estimates ... shale deposits in the United States are ...

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION E.p.r. spectra of raw shale, spent shale, and shale oil at X- band (9.1 GHz) and Q-band (35.2 GHz) frequencies are shown in Figures 1-4 and linewidths of the organic radical peak are summarized in Table 1. The most distinctive feature of these e.p.r. spectra is the difference in apparent relative intensity of the organic ...

1- The use of oil-shale aggregate on concrete design mix is feasible. 2- Th e compressive str ength enhanced and better concrete performance. encountered using coarse oil shale aggregate in ...

oil shale (1). The spent shale varies in particle size and chemical properties depending on the grade of raw oil shale and type of processing method used (2). Spent shale can range in size from a very fine ash (minus No. 200 sieve) to relatively large chunks (9 in., 229 mm, or mo1·e). The chemical analysis of Fischer assay spent shales obtained

Oil shale is a rock that contains significant amounts of organic material in the form of kerogen. Up to 1/3 of the rock can be solid organic material. Liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons can be extracted from the oil shale, but the rock must be heated and/or treated with solvents.

The Volumes of Spent Oil Shale from Estonian Oil-Shale Processing Units for the Period of 1921–2002 347 of oil shale processed was 4.499 million t in 1966, the volume of shale oil produced 563,200 t in 1961, and the highest yield of oil from oil shale processed according to data as given in statistical reviews or collected by

Applications around Oil Shale: Together with competent partners within the ThyssenKrupp Group, Polysius works out coordinated process-technological and mechanical solutions for all aspects of oil shale processing. Mine – Planning and Exploitation Crusher, Stockpile, Shale-/Spent Shale Handling Process, Design and Supplies:

Last year, during the pandemic, shale oil production dropped by about 2.5 /d in short order, but much of this was due to wells being shut-in when prices collapsed to $16 in April of 2020, while ...

Ores recovered by mining include metals, coal, oil shale, gemstones, limestone, dimension stone, rock salt, potash, gravel, and clay.The Courrières mine disaster, Europe's worst mining accident, involved the death of 1,099 miners in NorthernFirst chapter of Introductory Mining Engineering.

Johan du Toit | Greater Brisbane Area | Principal Consultant at Optineering Pty Ltd | An experienced mechanical engineer, rotating machinery specialist, project- and engineering manager with more than twenty five years' experience in the mining, petrochemical, alternative fuels (gas-to-liquids, coal-to-liquids and shale-to-liquids) and oil & gas industries.

Oil shale is gathered and crushed by a mobile crusher at the mine site and then conveyed to the processing plant. The trucks and shovels then remove the inter-burden layer of material, exposing the second layer of oil …

* Oil shale has been pyrolysed under both nitrogen and nitrogen/steam atmosphere at the pyrolysis temperature of 520[degrees]C. * Chemical class fractionation of the obtained shale oil using solid phase extraction on silica gel was particularly useful for separation of the oil into aliphatic, aromatic, ester and polar hydrocarbons. * The ...

The cost of producing shale-oil must in- clude such items as mining, transportation of the raw shale from the mines to the retorting plant, crushing, retorting, condensing, manufacture of ammonium sulphate and disposal of the spent shale, which will weigh at least 60 per cent. as much as the shale as it comes from the mines and will probably be ...

The potential effects of the enormous amount of spent shale cross all major environmental boundaries. A 1-million bbl/day oil shale industry using high grade (30 gallons per ton) shale will generate 1.5 million tons of spent shale a day. This is after mining, crushing, and retorting.

In raw material sector 30, oil shale 32 is supplied to a crusher 34. Processing in crusher 34 converts oil shale 32 into crushed oil shale 36 comprised optimally of oil shale granules of approximately 0.375 inches in diameter. Crushed oil shale 36 is then advanced to extraction sub-sector 20 in processing sector 16 of system 10.

After oil shale is mined, it is reduced in size in machines called crushers, conveyed to the retorting plant, and converted into crude shale oil, water and shale gas. The waste rock that results from retorting is known as spent shale.

The shale loading system 200 is shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, where oil shale from a mine is conveyed to shale preparation unit 218 containing a shale crusher 226, a 4 inch by 4 inch screen 224 and a small shale collection zone 222. Shale that is too large and does not pass through screen 224 is recycled through line 220 for recrushing in crusher 226.

Spent shale or spent oil shale (also known as retorted shale) is a solid residue from the shale oil extraction process of producing synthetic shale oil from oil shale.It consists of inorganic compounds and remaining organic matter known as char—a carbonaceous residue formed from kerogen.Depending on the extraction process and the amount of remaining organic matter, spent shale may be ...

The combustion temperature in the lift pipe and overhead vessel is from 1,000° F. to 1,400° F. The combusted spent sludge, combusted oil shale, and combusted spent shale dust are discharged through an outlet in the bottom of the overhead bin into heat carrier feed line 14 for use as solid heat carrier material in the retort.

Integrated processes are disclosed for recovering hydrocarbon products as well as alumina and sodium carbonate and/or nahcolite from oil shale. The shale is pyrolized or retorted at low temperature to recover hydrocarbon compounds, and the retorted shale is subjected to a weak caustic leach to remove aluminum and sodium compounds.

Shale waste rock crusher Products. As a leading global manufacturer of crushing, grinding and mining equipments, we offer advanced, reasonable solutions for any size-reduction requirements including, Shale waste rock crusher, quarry, aggregate, and different kinds of minerals.

Shale companies are on track to spend a little more money pumping oil next year, but most aren't opening up the spigots, even as prices top $80 …

2.1. Physical and chemical properties of oil shale and spent shale ash About 50 kg of fresh unweathered oil shale was collected from El-Lajjun area in central Jordan. The sample was crushed and then sieved passing 9 mm mesh. This size was used to determine the physical properties of oil shale.

US3459003A US3459003DA US3459003A US 3459003 A US3459003 A US 3459003A US 3459003D A US3459003D A US 3459003DA US 3459003 A US3459003 A US 3459003A Authority US United States Prior art keywords spent shale waste shale cement line Prior art date Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion.

CO2 supercritical fluid extraction of Jordanian oil shale utilizing different co-solvents. Fuel Processing Technology, 2011. Awni Al-Otoom. Download PDF. Download Full PDF Package. This paper.

Abstract. Disposal of massive amounts of spent shale will be required if an oil shale industry using surface retorting is developed. Field studies to model both low elevation (dry) and high elevation (moist) disposal sites were initiated in 1973 on 2 types of spent oil shale; coarse textured-US Bureau of Mines (USBM) and fine-textured-the Oil Shale Corporation (TOSCO).

E Makeup natural Oil shale 73.700 tons/cd Secondary crushing and sizing plant Dust from crushers and sizing operations 1.000 tons/cd Oil shale 72.700 tons/cd Retort water 150,000 to 350,000 gal/cd I I Retorting plant Raw shale oil 53.500 bbl/cd Oil upgrading plant (refinery) Upgraded oil 50.000 bbl/cd Sulfur, 43 tons/cd Ammonia.

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CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles, Pradeep Teregowda): It is suggested that there are about 86 million t (at Kiviõli 12.5, Kohtla-Järve 70.7 and Narva 3.0 million t) oil-shale semi-coke and coke deposited in the Estonian landfills since 1921. However, there is no explanation how these volumes were calculated and no data about the volumes of semi-coke formed at ...